Improvement in apparatus for evaporating liquids



is S h e "e ts/ sm e at 1 J. E. WEAVER. APPARATUS FOR EVAPQRATING LIQUIDS. No.18Z,780, Patented 0ct.3, 1876.

N-PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D, C.

6SheetsSheetZ. J. E. WEAVER. APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS. N 182,730; Patented 0ct.-3,1876.

I 4 A I 1,4 5 l NFETERS. PHDTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D C.

s sh ets-sheet a. J'. E..WEAVER.

A APPARATUS FOR EvAPoRATINe LIQUIDS. A No. 182,780. Patented. 0ct.3,1876.

@/ ij I W 4 A M W N4 PETERS, PHOTO-UTHCIGflAPX-lifi, WASHINGTON, D

- 6 Sheets-Sheet4.

J. E. WEAVER.

APPARATUS FORE-VA'PORATING LIQUIDS. No.182,780. Patented.0ct,3,1876.

N. PETERS. FHOTO-LITNOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON, D C.

6 Sheets-511M128; J. E. WEAVER.

APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS. No. 182,780. Patented on. s, 1876.

N. PETERS. PHOYO-LITNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTGI; D C. K

6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

Patented Oct. 3,1876.

N. PErERs, FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D c,

i 'To all whom it may concern:

L'Pittsburg, in the county of Alleghenyand State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new Qand useful Improvement in Apparatus for f and sugar; and I do hereby declare that the of, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters sugar; and consists in the combination of with great facility, with economy of fuel 1 and part of my specification, Figure 1 is a top View boiling-pan and settling-vat removed. Fig. 2

' y of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical and longitu- "dinal section of the boiling-pan at line 3 of Fig. 3.

' of liquid up through pipe a being accom plished lower end of which enters the chamber 0 of the heater B. The end of the pipe b which is NI ED -S ENT' F I E JAMES nxwn vnrt, or PITTSBUBG, PENNSYLVANIA;

IMPROVEMENT m AAPPARATUSFORV EVAPORATING L| u|us'.;

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 182,780, dated October 3, sm; application filed i January 24; 1876. l

Be it known that I, JAMES E. WEAVER, of

Evaporating Liquids in the manufacture of salt following is a full and exact description thereof reference marked thereon. My invention relates to an improvement in apparatus for evaporating saline and saccharine liquids in the manufacture of salt and heaters, boiling-pans, settling and granulating vats, combined, arranged, and operating with relation to each other, so that the saline or saccharine liquid is heated and evaporated labor.

To enable others skilled in the art to make anduse my invention, I will proceed to describe'its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, which form or plan of my improvement in evaporating apparatus, representing the draft-flue of the is a side elevation of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the same, and a vertical sectionof the heaters at line y of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of one of the heaters, and avertical and transverse section of the boilingpan andsettling and granulating vats at line In the accompanying drawings, A represents a salt-well and derrick. The well A is furnished with a pipe, a, for conveying the saline liquid to the desired elevation, the flow by a pump or the upward flow of the well. The liquid flows from the upper end of pipe 0t into areceiver, c, on the upper end of the pipe 12, the

within the chamber 0 of the heater B is provided with a distributing-head, d, which distributes liquid in a series of currents, causing a constant agitation of the liquid in chamber 0, which will cause the liquid to heat more uniformly.

By this arrangement of the pipes a. and b the liquids will be subjected to pressure while nel communicates, by means of a pipe, f, witha spiral'channel, g, of the heater, D, having a firechamber, h, and stack t'. The receiving-chamber O communicates with the spiral chamber 9 of the heater D by means of a pipe, j. E

represents the boiling-pan, having a rod, 3,

the ends of which are attached to the ends of the pan. From the rod 3radiate rods 4, which are attached to the sides and bottom of the pan for the purpose of bracing it. The

boiling-pan is surrounded by an airspace, 5,"

which communicates with air-heaters 6 and 7, heated by the fire on grate 8. The air-heater 6 serves as a bridgewall for the furnace 9. Above the boiling-pan is a steam-drum, it, which communicates by means of pipe 0 with a heater, consisting of pipes l, arranged between two chambers, m. This heater is arranged in chamber F, which is above the boil- 7 ing-pan E, andbetween it;and the heater are three collecting-pans, n, communicating with a pan, p, which communicates with the settling-vat H by means of apipe,t. The chamber F communicates with air-space 5 through the medium of openings 7' between the col lecting-pans n.

Above the heater inchamber F are ar* "ranged three distributing-pipes, s, the lower sides of which have openings fordistributing the liquid in thin sheets or streams over the pipes l. The distributing-pipes s are connected to the pipe n, which is connected to the pipe t, which communicates with theboilingpan at s. The chamber F is provided witha flue, G, for carrying off the vapor and conducting heated air upward through the descending liquid as it flows over the heated pipes l in chamber F. The settling-vat His divided into three narrow compartments, which communicate with each other, having spaces which communicates with the steampipe 0 of G of the heater B.

. ing-pipes w and y are connected to a pipe, j,

, ence to the accompanying drawings, the skill: ful mechanic will readily understand the con- I will therefore proceed to describe the operapipe b, from which it flows from the head d water then flows from the chamber 0 through pipe j into the spiral chamber 9 of the heater liquid in'the spiral chamber g is heated to a part of the channel 9 down through pipe f into the spiral channel 6 of the heater B, and

. E, where it is subjected to the boiling process steam generated by the boiling of the liquid of pipes s over the pipes l, (which are heated pipes I an upward currentof heatedair comes u between-them for the passage of air. Above the settling-vat H is a vapor-chamber, I, havin g doors 1; for observing the condition of the liquid in the vat, and also as an entrance toit. The chamber I is furnished with a flue or stack, J, for carrying off vapor, which is fa-- cilitated by the upward draft of air'through the openings u and w. The settling-vat is furnished with heating-pipes w. The gran ulatingvat K is furnished with heating-pipes y, and agitators L, which consists of a pipe bent so as to form a half-circle, one end ofwhich pipe is made bell-mouthed,as indicated at a. To the agitator L at b are connected steam-pipes c, which communicate with the steam-pipe d,

the steam-drum It. To. the steam-pipe 0 is connected a pipe, 0, which communicates with the chamberf, which surrounds the chamber Thepipe g is connected to the upper part ofthe spiral channel 0 of the heater B, and to the drum h underthe back end of the boiling-pan E, the drum h communicating with the boiling-pan by means of the vertical The heating-pipes wand y of the settling and granulating vats H and K communicate with the steam-pipe d. The heatfor carrying ofl' the products of condensation. The settling-vat H communicates with the granulating-vat K by means of a pipe, is.

' The furnace of the boiling-pan E is furnished with a stack, It. The boiling-pan E is provided with indicators m for the purpose of indicating the quantity of liquid in it.

From the foregoing description and referstruction of the several parts of my improvemen t, and the relation they bear to each other.

tion. p

The saline water flows from pipe 0/ into into chamber 0 of heater B, where it is heated by the steam in the chamber f. v The saline D, fire being made in the fire-chamber h, the

high degree, and then flows from the upper passing upward through the channel 0 enters pipe 9, and flowing down through it enters the drum h, from which it passes up through the vertical pipe 6, entering the boiling-pan by the action of fire in the furnace q. The

in the pan E forces it up pipe t and into the pipes n and s, and flowing from the openings by steam in them,) and flowing down over the in contact with the downward-flowing liquid,

thereby fa'c'ili'tating'the evaporating process. The liquid flowing over the heated pipes ,l falls into the collecting-pans n, from which it flows into the pan 1?, from which it flows through pipe t into the settling-vat H, where it is heated by pipe at, the vapor passing off and up through the stack J. Theliquid flows from the settling-vat H through pipe k into the granulating-vat K, where it is heated through the medium of pipes y, being kept in continuous motion by means of the agitators L, which, by the action of the steam flowing through pipe 0, causes the liquid to enter the bell-mouthed pipe a of the agitators and flow out at b, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. By thus keeping the liquid in a constant state of agitation near its surface the evaporating process is greatly facilitated, and the granulation and precipitation promoted. The gran ulated salt is removed from the vat K and manipulated in the usual manner. The steam generated by boiling the liquid in the pan E enters the steam-drum 70, passes from it through pipe 6 into the chamber f of the heater B, and also through pipe 0 into the chambers m and pipes l, and also through the pipe at, heating-pipes a: y, and the pipes c of the agitators L. The results of condensation of steam is carried off by the pipe j. The several pipes hereinbefore described are provided with valve-cocks for regulating the flow through them.

From the foregoing description of'the operation of my improvement it will be observed that theliquid issubj ected to hydrostatic pressure during the operation of heating and boiling it, and that it is subjected to heat while being distributed throughout the several parts of the apparatus, and also to currents of heated air, and that the vapor rising from the vats is rapidly carried off, and that the vapor and heat of the boiling-pan are utilized and, finally, the labor of agitating the liquid in the granulating-vat is dispensed with, and the heat used in the operation of evaporating the liquid is fully utilized.

Having thus described my improvement, what I claim as my invention is.-

1. In an evaporating apparatus, the heater B, having chambers Of, and spiral channel 6, in combination with the heater D, having spiral channel g, and the boiling-pan E, substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an evaporating apparatus, the boilingpan E, surrounded by the chamber 5 for the passage of heated air, in combination with the pipe Z and distributing-pipes s, and a heater,

- consisting of chamber m and pipes Z, substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an evaporating apparatus the heater, consisting of chambers m and pipes Z, in combination with the collecting-pans n and settling-vat H, substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth.v

' 4. The settling-vat H, having vapor-chain- B, whereby the saline and saccharine liquid is conveyed to the chamber 0 of the heater and subjected to hydrostatic pressure, substantially as herein described, and for the purpose set forth. a

7 The semicircular agitator L, provided with a steam-supply pipe, 0, substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth.

JAS. E. WEAVER.

Witnesses:

JAMES J. JOHNSTON, A. H. JOHNSTON. 

